Preserving the Smith River: Addressing Water Quality and Restoration

The Smith River begins near White Sulphur Springs, where its north and south forks merge, and flows about 125 miles north to join the Missouri River. Framed by the Little Belt Mountains to the east and the Big Belt Mountains to the west, the watershed includes several major tributaries. Known for its trout fishing and stunning canyon views, the river attracts many visitors. Floating the Smith River requires a permit from Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks (FWP), and visitors are committed to protecting its natural beauty.

To address water quality concerns and support restoration efforts, the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) is hosting an open house on Tuesday, Jan. 16, from 5 p.m.to 7 p.m.at the Meagher County Community Center. The event will share findings from two water quality studies and details of the newly drafted Smith River Watershed Restoration Plan.

One study examines the causes of algal blooms along the river. Since 2015, researchers have identified warmer water temperatures in late spring and early summer, combined with runoff containing nitrogen and phosphorus, as key factors. These conditions encourage the growth of Cladophora glomerata, the dominant algae species. Within the past few years, several algal blooms have been observed within the county, posing a threat to wildlife and humans alike.

Another study establishes baseline levels of ions and metals in the watershed. While overall metal concentrations are low, some tributaries show higher levels due to natural geological processes and human activity dating back to the 1800s. The study also serves as a benchmark for conditions before mining begins at the Black Butte Copper Project.

In 2023, FWP partnered with Geum Environmental Consulting and Slough Creek Consulting to create the Smith River Watershed Restoration Plan. This plan identifies key challenges, such as reduced streamflows, loss of vegetation, erosion, increased water temperatures, and pollution from E. coli and nutrients. It also outlines restoration strategies, highlights priority areas for improvement, and encourages local involvement in restoration efforts.

The open house on Jan. 16 provides an opportunity for residents to engage with experts, learn about ongoing efforts, and contribute to preserving the Smith River’s health. By working together to address these challenges, the community can ensure the Smith River remains a vital and treasured resource for years to come.